Keywords
indigenous women’s leadership
advocacy for indigenous peoples
How to Cite
Abstract
The experiences and contributions of indigenous women have not been accommodated in legislative policies, despite their strategic role in maintaining living space and community sustainability. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through literature review and analysis of various documents, utilizing intersectional feminism and feminist political ecology perspectives. The research findings indicate that the Indigenous Peoples Bill does not adequately regulate and protect indigenous women. The Indigenous Peoples Bill does not implement CEDAW GR 39. The absence of explicit regulations regarding indigenous women in the Indigenous Peoples Bill could lead to harm for indigenous women, indigenous communities, the nation, and the state. Indigenous women are at the forefront of preserving traditional knowledge, especially regarding medicine, natural resources, economic sources, food sources, water sources, culture, and traditions. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize and protect indigenous women in the Indigenous Communities Bill.
References
A Brief Version of CEDAW General Recommendation No. 39 (2022) For Ensuring the Rights of Indigenous Women and Girls
Agarwal, B. 1992. “The Gender And Environment Debate: Lessons from India. Feminist Studies, hlm.119–158. https://doi.org/10.2307/3178217 (JSTOR)
Arianty, Uzlifatus Dea, and Elverda Nadifa Rosyadi. 2023. “Perkembangan Sistem Pembagian Waris Adat Di Suku Batak Toba Yang Menganut Kekerabatan Patrilineal”. Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, Dan Humaniora 1 (5):273-77. https://doi.org/10.572349/kultura.v1i5.558.
Arnstein, S. R. 1969. A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners. hlm. 216–224.
Benedict Kingsbury, “Indigenous Peoples” in International Law: Constructivist Approach to the Asian Controversy,” dalam 92 Am. J. Int'l L. 414, American Journal of International Law (1998)
CEDAW Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women. 2022. General recommendation No. 39 (2022) on the rights of Indigenous women and girls (CEDAW/C/GC/39). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
Colfer, C. J. P.(2013. The gender box: A framework for analysing gender roles in forest management. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
Constanta, Christine, and Vania Christabel. 2026. “Perempuan Pembela Hak Asasi Manusia: Ketidakhadiran Negara Hingga Stigmatisasi”. Jurnal Perempuan 30 (2):181-95. https://indonesianfeministjournal.org/index.php/IFJ/article/view/1230.
Cornwall, A. 2003. Whose voices? Whose choices? Reflections on gender and participatory development. World Development. hlm. 1325–1342.
Cornwall, A. 2008. Unpacking “Participation”: Models, meanings and practices. Community Development Journal hlm. 269–283.
Eddyono, Sri Wiyanti. 2026. “Advokasi Legislasi Hukum Yang Berkeadilan Gender Oleh Gerakan Perempuan Di Indonesia Pasca-Transisi Demokrasi”. Jurnal Perempuan 30 (2):159-80. https://indonesianfeministjournal.org/index.php/IFJ/article/view/1241.
Elmhirst, R. 2017. Gender and generation in engagements with oil palm in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Insights from feminist political ecology. The Journal of Peasant Studies, hlm. 1135–1157.
Febriana, Dina Triana, et.al.2024. “Epistemologi Sistem Pewarisan Patrilineal Dalam Hukum Waris Adat Dengan Sistem Pewarisan Hukum Islam Di Indonesia”, Al-Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Peradilan Islam 5 (1) : 95-114. doi: 10.15575/as.v2i2.14327.
Findi Astuti , M. ., Pasaribu, T., & Anggraini, W. 2024. Membangun “Ruang Aman”: Perempuan Adat dan Kekerasan Seksual di Masyarakat Adat. Jurnal Perempuan, 29(1), 59–73. Retrieved from https://indonesianfeministjournal.org/index.php/IFJ/article/view/984
Fodella, Alessandro. 2006. “International Law And The Diversity Of Indigenous Peoples”, 30 Vt. L. Rev. 565, Vermont Law Review, pp. 565-594
Fraser, N. 1990. Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy. Social Text, hlm. 56–80.
Global Witness. 2024. Land and environmental defenders. Global Witness.
Harcourt, W., & Nelson, I. L. (Eds.). 2015. Practising feminist political ecologies: Moving beyond the “green economy”. Zed Books
Hasmiyati, Cut, Dina Khairunnisa, and Theofiliano Benediktus Ugaiye You. 2025. “Pembagian Warisan Ditinjau Dari Adat Suku Mee Di Papua Tengah”. Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review 4 (7):515-22. https://doi.org/10.56128/ljoalr.v4i7.616.
ILO, Implementing the ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169: Towards an Inclusive, Sustainable and Just Future (Geneva 2019)
IUCN. 2021. Women environmental human rights defenders (WEHRDs): Gender-based violence and barriers to protection (Issue brief). International Union for Conservation of Nature.
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs, Indigenous World 2024.
Jurnal Perempuan. 2018. Perempuan Adat, Konflik Agraria, dan Keadilan Gender. Jurnal Perempuan.
Jurnal Perempuan. 2021. Perempuan adat, konflik agraria, dan keadilan gender. Jurnal Perempuan.
Komnas Perempuan. 2023. [Laporan/siaran pers terkait kekerasan berbasis gender dalam konflik agraria dan ekstraktivisme]. Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan.
Komnas Perempuan. 2024. Siaran pers Komnas Perempuan dalam rangka peringatan Hari Perempuan Pembela HAM Internasional. Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan.
Li, T. M. 2014. Land’s end: Capitalist relations on an indigenous frontier. Duke University Press.
Nightingale, A. J. 2011. Bounding difference: Intersectionality and the material production of gender, caste, class and environment in Nepal. Geoforum, hlm. 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2010.03.004 (ScienceDirect)
Peluso, N. L., & Lund, C. 2011. New frontiers of land control: Introduction. The Journal of Peasant Studies, hlm. 667–681. (Taylor & Francis)
Riangtobi, Yohana Damiana Uto, Wensensiana Yasinta Andim, and Yeyen Subandi. 2025. “Perempuan Dalam Budaya Patrilineal Di Nusa Tenggara Timur Menurut Teori The Second Sex Simone De Beauvoir”. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisipin 3 (7):466-73. https://doi.org/10.60126/jim.v3i7.1102.
Ribot, J. C., & Peluso, N. L. 2003. A theory of access. Rural Sociology, hlm. 153–181.
Rocheleau, D., Thomas-Slayter, B., & Wangari, E. (Eds.). (1996). Feminist political ecology: Global issues and local experience. Routledge. (Taylor & Francis)
Rosyida, Fathiya Nur, and Karina Shofi Sabitha Ramadhani. 2023. “Sistem Patrilineal Pada Hukum Waris Adat Masyarakat Batak”. Jurnal Begawan Hukum (JBH) 2 (1):13-22. https://doi.org/10.62951/jbh.v2i1.70.
Sikor, T., & Lund, C. 2009. Access and property: A question of power and authority. Development and Change, 40(1), 1–22.
Siscawati, M. (2018). Perempuan adat dan politik pengakuan. Jurnal Perempuan, hlm. 33–52.
Sundberg, J. 2015. Feminist political ecology. In D. Richardson (Ed.), The International encyclopedia of geography: People, the Earth, environment and technology. Wiley-Blackwell.
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
United Nations Conventions on Biological Diversity
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
United Nations. 2022. Gender equality and women’s empowerment in the context of climate change, environmental and disaster risk reduction policies and programmes. United Nations.
WALHI. 2024. Temu Perempuan Pembela HAM 2024. Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia.
Wulandari, Sevina Ayu, and Fahriza Dhya Kusuma. 2023. “Analisis Penerapan Sistem Hukum Waris Patrilineal Dalam Masyarakat Adat Bali”. Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3 (2):80-85. https://journal.publication-center.com/index.php/ijssh/article/view/1574.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Perempuan