Abstract
This article describes how seven female activists from civil organizations participate in 2004 and 2009 elections. On the frame of the implementation of women’s representation in parliament that has been started since 2004 election, this article unearths women’s representation movement based on the actors’ experiences to participate in election. Using case study method and analysis with process tracing, this article argues that women activists, who participated in two elections, have contributed to implement women’s representation into their political parties and parliament.References
Campo, E. d. (2005). Perspectives and Limits of the Institutional Aspects of Women’s Political Representation. Social Forces , 83 (4), pp.1697-1726.
Cheng, C., & Tavits, M. (2011). Informal influences in selecting female political candidates.
Political Science Quarterly , 64 (2), pp.460-471.
Franceschet, S. (2001). Women in politics in post-transitional democracies: The Chiliean case. International Feminist Journal of Politics , 3 (2), pp.207-236.
George, A. L., & Bennett, A. (2005). Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Gerring, J. (2007). Case study research: principles and practices. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Jakarta Globe. (2011, Desember 26). Indonesia: A bad year for religious rights.
Jakarta Post. (2012, April 23). Eva Kusuma Sundari: Defending pluralism.
Krook, M. L. (2006). Reforming representation: The diffusion of candidate gender quotas
worldwide. Politics & Gender , 2, pp.303-327.
Kunovich, S., & Paxton, P. (2005). Pathways to power: the role of political parties in women’s national political representation. The American Journal of Sociology , 111 (2), pp.505-552.
Mahkamah Konstitusi (2014, Maret 12). MK kabulkan judicial review soal nomor urut dan keterpilihan caleg perempuan. Diakses dari http://www.mahkamahkonstitusi.go.id/
index.php?page=web.Berita&id=9709
Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2001). Cultural Obstacles to Equal Representation. Journal of Democracy , 12 (3), pp.126-140.
Norris, P., & Lovenduski, J. (1993). ‘If only more candidates came forward’: Supply-side explanations of candidate selection in Britain. British Journal of Political Science , 23 (3), pp.373-408.
Phillips, A. (1995). The politics of presence. Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press.
Pitkin, H. F. (1967). The concept of representation. California and London: University of California Press.
Pitre, S. (2003). Women’s struggle for legislative power: The role of political parties. Atlantis , 27 (2), pp.102-109.
Schwindt-Bayer, L. A. (2010). Political Power and Women’s Representation in Latin America. New York: Oxford University Press.
Schwindt-Bayer, L. A., & Mishler, W. (2005). An Integrated Model of Women’s Representation. The Journal of Politics , 67 (2), pp.407-428.
Tremblay, M. (2007). Democracy, representation, and women: A comparative analysis. Democratization , 14 (4), pp.533-553.
___________. (2008). Introduction. Dalam M. Tremblay, Women and legislative representation: electoral systems, political parties and sex quotas (pp. 1-22). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.