Abstract
This article is a study of feminist ecological politics in rural women’s leadership and their involvement in resolving conflicts over protected forests. On the one hand, structurally, there is a complex linkage between social, cultural, adat, and religious practices that prevent women from becoming leaders. On the other hand, after they won the leadership contestation in the village, their task was able to go beyond reconciliation and introduce an alternative discourse on sustainable forest conservation. This study examines three main areas namely: (1) ecological sustainability knowledge, understanding and practices; (2) the practice of equal access to natural resources, and responses to vulnerability to environmental change; and (3) equality practices in village development activism. The narrative of feminist ecological political studies from two villages in Kepahiang and Rejang Lebong Districts shows that women village heads are able to penetrate structural barriers, social exclusion, and dismantle economic class barriers.References
Atkinson, P 2010, “Editorial Introduction”, dalam P Atkinson, A Coffey, S Delamont, J Lofland & L Lofland L (eds.), Handbook of Ethnography, Sage, Los Angeles.
Bose, P, Larson, AM, Lastarria-Cornhiel, S, Radel, C, Schmink, M, Schmook, B & Vázquez-García, V 2017, “Women’s rights to land and communal forest tenure: A way forward for research and policy agenda in Latin America”, Women’s Studies International Forum, vol. 65, hh. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2017.10.005 .
Cerwonka, A & Malkki, L 2005, “Improvising Theory: Process and Temporality in Ethnographic Fieldwork”, dalam C Pole (ed.), Fieldwork, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi.
Denzin, NK & Lincoln, YS (eds.) 2010, Handbook OF Qualitative Research (3rd Edition), Sage Publication, California.
Elmhirst, R 2011a,
“Introducing new feminist political ecologies”, Geoforum, vol. 42, hh. 129–132, http://doi.org/10.1016/j. geoforum.2011.01.006
Elmhirst, R 2011b, “Migrant pathways to resource access in Lampung’s political forest: Gender, citizenship and creative conjugality”, Geoforum, vol. 42, no. 2, hh. 173-183, http://doi. org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2010.12.004
Evans, K, Flores, S, Larson, AM, Marchena, R, Müller, P & Pikitle, A 2017, “Challenges for women’s participation in communal forests: Experience from Nicaragua’s indigenous territories”, Women’s Studies International Forum, vol. 65, hh. 37–46, http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.wsif.2016.08.004
Gradskova, Y & Morell, IA (eds.) 2019, “Book Review: Gendering Postsocialism: Old Legacies and New Hierarchies”, Gender Work Organ, vol. 1, no. 3, wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/gwao, DOI: 10.1111/gwao.12363
Hendrastiti, TK & Kusujiarti, S 2018, “Offering the Ethnographic Feminist Method to the Public Administration Inquiry”, AAPA 2018 Conference Proceeding, Atlantis Press, in https://www.atlantis-press. com/proceedings, DOI https://doi.org/10.2991/aapa-18.2018.46
Hendrastiti, TK & Santoso, D 2009, “Masyarakat dan Hutan Lindung: Kebijakan, Konflik, Resolusi (Studi Kasus di Dua Desa TNKS)”, dalam S Irianto (ed.), Hukum yang bergerak: Tinjauan Antropologi Hukum, Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta.
Hendry, D 2017, “TNKS yang Tak Lekang oleh Ancaman Pembelahan Kawasan (Bagian 1)”, Mongabay, www.mongabay.co.id/.../tnksyang-tak-lekang-oleh-ancaman-pembelahan-kawasan
Hidayat, H, Haba, J & Siburian, R 2011, Politik Ekologi: Pengelolaan Taman Nasional Era Otda, LIPI Press dan Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta.
Jones, JS & Watt, S (eds.) 2010, Ethnography in Social Science Practice, Routledge, London and New York.
Kimura, AH & Katano, Y 2014, “Farming after the Fukushima accident: A feminist political ecology analysis of organic agriculture”, Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 34, hh. 108-116, DOI: 10.1016/j. jrurstud.2013.12.006
Kubisa, K & Wojnicka, K 2018, “Feminist Movements In Central And Eastern Europe”, Praktyka Teoretyczna, vol. 4, no. 30, https://Pressto. Amu.Edu.Pl/Index.Php/Prt/
Kusdinar, PA 2017, “Supriyanti, Perempuan Tangguh dari Sengkuang; Pejuang ‘Tanah Ibu’, http:www.akar.or.id/?p1584
Kusdinar, PA 2017, “Kronologis konflik tanah; Masyarakat Transmigrasi Sengkuang, kabawetan dengan taman Wisata Alam Bukit Kaba Kepahiang”, http:www.akar.or.id/?p1580 .
Mollett, S & Faria, C 2013, “Messing with gender in feminist political ecology”, Geoforum, vol. 45, hh. 116-125. Dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. geoforum.2012.10.009
Mongabay 2017, www.mongabay.co.id/.../berbasis-hakperempuan-pada-lingkungan-komunitas-ini-be
Neuman, WL 2006, Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (Sixth Edition), Pearson International Edition, Boston, New York, San Francisco.
Nightingale, AJ 2011, “Bounding difference: Intersectionality and the material production of gender, caste, class and environment in Nepal”, Geoforum, vol. 42, no. 2, hh. 153-162.
Nightingale, AJ & Rankin, K 2014, “Political Transformations: collaborative feminist scholarship in Nepal”, Himalaya, the Journal
of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies: Spring, vol. 34, no. 1, Article 15, http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/ vol34/iss1/15 .
Novra, A & Farhan, M 2009, “Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Desa Penyangga Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS)”, Jurnal Penelitian Universitas Jambi Seri Humaniora, vol. 11, no. 1, Januari - Juni 2009, hh. 11-20, https://media.neliti.com/.../43426-IDkarakteristik-sosial-ekonomi-rumah-tangga-desa .
Novra, A, Syaukat, Y, Sanim, B & Sinaga, BM 2007, “Dampak Alokasi Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah terhadap Deforestasi Kawasan dan Degradasi Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat”, www.repository.ipb. ac.id/handle/123456789/40574 .
Rahmat, M, Helmi, H & Syahni, R 2006, “Ketergantungan Masyarakat terhadap Kawasan Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat Pasca Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Konservasi Terpadu”, https://www.neliti.com/id/journals/ jurnal-penelitian-sosial-dan-ekonomi-kehutanan, https://www. neliti.com/.../ketergantungan-masyarakat-terhadap-kawasantaman-nasion .
Rocheleau, D, Thomas-Slayter, B & Wangari, E 1996, Feminist Political Ecology: Global Issues and Local Experiences, Routledge, New York.
Sam, KL 2016, “Women’s leadership in local government in the Caribbean”, Commonwealth Journal of Local Governance, vol. 18, hh. 68-81, https://doi.org/10.5130/cjlg.v0i18.4843
Sreerekha, MS 2018, “Re-Reading Nature, Reproduction and Motherhood: Towards An Alternative To Development”, Salesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. IX, no. 1, hh. 34-42
Sultana , F 2007, “Water, Water Everywhere, But Not a Drop to Drink: Pani Politics (Water Politics) in Rural Bangladesh”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, vol. 9, no. 4, hh. 494-502, diakses dari https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740701607994 .
Sundberg, Y 2015, “Feminist Political Ecology”, in The International Encyclopedia of Geography, Wiley-Blackwell & Association of American Geographers, Editor-in-Chief Douglas Richardson.
Velicu, I 2019, “De-growing environmental justice: Reflections from anti-mining movements in Eastern Europe”, Ecological Economics, vol. 159, hh. 271 – 278, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ecolecon.2019.01.021