Dari Pinggiran ke Arus Utama: Partisipasi Bermakna, Suara, dan Advokasi Perempuan serta Kelompok Marginal dalam Perjuangan untuk Kesetaraan Gender, Penyandang Disabilitas, dan Inklusi Sosial dalam Kebijakan Nasional Indonesia—RPJPN 2025–2045 dan RPJMN 2025–2029

Abstract

The participation of grassroots women and marginalized groups in national development planning remains critically low, at only around 10–20 percent. The current mechanism, Musrenbang (Development Planning Forums), has yet to meaningfully accommodate their voices. In response, KAPAL Perempuan, together with INKLUSI partners, initiated the National Women’s Deliberation for Development Planning (Munas Perempuan) in 2023 and 2024 as a collective action to enhance meaningful participation and ensure the integration of the needs, rights, and aspirations of women, persons with disabilities, and marginalized groups in development agendas. This research presents a case study of the advocacy surrounding Munas Perempuan and its role in influencing the formulation of the 2025–2045 National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN). It focuses on three main aspects: (1) the structural causes of low participation among women and marginalized groups; (2) the effectiveness of Munas Perempuan as a model of grassroots advocacy; and (3) the implications of this advocacy for long-term development policy. Data were drawn from field studies in 206 districts/cities, interviews, and over a decade of documentation from civil society organizations. Findings show that limited participation leads to the exclusion of key issues affecting women and marginalized communities. Munas Perempuan has emerged as a strategic breakthrough by integrating nine key agendas into the RPJPN. Furthermore, it has contributed to a paradigmatic shift in national development— moving from Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) to Gender and Social Inclusion Mainstreaming (PUGIS), now formally adopted in Law No. 59 of 2024 on the 2025–2045 RPJPN.